The color photograph, likely to become an instant classic
among memorable images from the history of spaceflight, was snapped by a camera
mounted on the rocket-powered "sky crane" descent-stage just above
the rover as the car-sized space vehicle was being lowered on Thursday to
Martian soil.
The image was unveiled by mission managers during an online
news briefing webcast from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) near Los
Angeles less than 24 hours after the landing.
The picture, looking down on the rover, shows the entire
vehicle suspended from three cables unspooled from the sky crane, along with an
"umbilical" communications cord. Swirls of dust kicked up by the
crane's rocket thrusters are also visible.
Seconds later, the rover was gently planted on its wheels,
its tethers were severed, and the sky crane - its job completed - flew off to
crash a safe distance away, though not before photos and other data collected
during the descent were transmitted to the rover for safekeeping.
The image of the dangling science lab, striking for its
clarity and sense of motion, marks the first such close-up photo of a
spacecraft landing on Mars, or any planet beyond Earth.
"This is something we've never seen before," Aaron
Stehura, a deputy lead for the mission's descent and landing team, describing
himself and colleagues as "awe-struck" when first viewing the image.
Instantly Iconic
Adam Steltzner, chief engineer for the Perseverance project
at JPL, said he found the image instantly iconic, comparable to the shot of
Apollo 11 astronaut Buzz Aldrin standing on the moon in 1969, or the Voyager 1
probe's images of Saturn in 1980.
He said the viewer is connected with a landmark moment
representing years of work by thousands of individuals.
"You are brought to the surface of Mars. You're sitting
there, seven meters off the surface of the rover looking down," he said.
"It's absolutely exhilarating, and it is evocative of those other images
from our experience as human beings moving out into our solar system."
The image was taken at the very end of the so-called
"seven-minutes-of-terror" descent sequence that brought Perseverance
from the top of Mars' atmosphere, traveling at 12,000 miles per hour, to a
gentle touchdown on the floor of a vast basin called the Jezero Crater.
Next week, NASA hopes to present more photos and video - some
possibly with audio - taken by all six cameras affixed to the descending
spacecraft, showing more of the sky crane maneuvers, as well as the supersonic
parachute deployment that preceded it.
Pauline Hwang, strategic mission manager, said the rover itself
"is doing great and is healthy on the surface of Mars, and continues to be
highly functional and awesome."
The vehicle landed about two kilometers from tall cliffs at
the base of a ancient river delta carved into the corner of the crater billions
of years ago, when Mars was warmer, wetter and presumably hospitable to life.
Scientists say the site is ideal for pursuing Perseverance's
primary objective - searching for fossilized traces of microbial life preserved
in sediments believed to have been deposited around the delta and the
long-vanished lake it once fed.
Samples of rock drilled from the Martian soil are to be
stored on the surface for eventual retrieval and delivery to Earth by two
future robotic missions to the Red Planet, as early as 2031.
Another color photo published on Friday, captured moments
after the rover's arrival, shows a rocky expanse of terrain around the landing
site and what appear to be the delta cliffs in the distance.
The mission's surface team will spend the coming days and
weeks unfastening, unfurling and testing the vehicle's robot arm, communication
antennae and other equipment, aligning instruments and upgrading the rover's
software, Hwang said.
She said it would be about nine "sols," or Martian
days, before the rover is ready for its first test spin.
One of Perseverance's tasks before embarking on its search
for signs of microbial life will be to deploy a miniature helicopter it carried
to Mars for an unprecedented extraterrestrial test flight. But Hwang said that
effort was still about two months away.
© Reuters
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