The rocket left a trail of smoke and fire as scientists
clapped, a live broadcast on the Indian Space Research Organisation's (ISRO)
website showed.
The broadcast was watched by nearly 5,00,000 viewers, while
thousands gathered at a viewing gallery near the launch site to see the
lift-off of the probe, which will aim to study solar winds, which can cause
disturbance on earth commonly seen as auroras.
Named after the Hindi word for the sun, the Aditya-L1 launch
follows India beating Russia late last month to become the first country to
land on the south pole of the moon. While Russia had a more powerful rocket,
India's Chandrayaan-3 out-endured the Luna-25 to execute a textbook landing.
The Aditya-L1 spacecraft is designed to travel about 1.5
million km over four months to a kind of parking lot in space where objects
tend to stay put because of balancing gravitational forces, reducing fuel
consumption for the spacecraft.
Those positions are called Lagrange Points, named after
Italian-French mathematician Joseph-Louis Lagrange.
The mission has the capacity to make a "big bang in
terms of science," said Somak Raychaudhury, who was involved in the
development of some components of the observatory, adding that energy particles
emitted by the sun can hit satellites that control communications on earth.
"There have been episodes when major communications
have gone down because a satellite has been hit by a big corona emission.
Satellites in low earth orbit are the main focus of global private players,
which makes the Aditya L1 mission a very important project," he said.
Scientists hope to learn more about the effect of solar radiation
on the thousands of satellites in orbit, a number growing with the success of
ventures like the Starlink communications network of Elon Musk's SpaceX.
"The low earth orbit has been heavily polluted due to
private participation, so understanding how to safeguard satellites there will
have special importance in today's space environment," said Rama Rao
Nidamanuri, head of the department of earth and space sciences at the Indian
Institute of Space Science and Technology.
Longer term, data from the mission could help better
understand the sun's impact on earth's climate patterns and the origins of
solar wind, the stream of particles that flow from the sun through the solar
system, ISRO scientists have said.
Pushed by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, India has privatised
space launches and is looking to open the sector to foreign investment as it
targets a five-fold increase in its share of the global launch market within
the next decade.
As space turns into a global business, the country is also
banking on the success of ISRO to showcase its prowess in the sector. © Reuters
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