Following a suit by Socio-Economic Rights and Accountability Project (SERAP) and 176 concerned Nigerians, the ECOWAS Court has declared unlawful the suspension of Twitter by the government of President Muhammadu Buhari, and ordered the administration never to repeat it again.
This development was disclosed today by SERAP’s deputy
director Kolawole Oluwadare.
It would be recalled that following the deletion of President
Muhammadu Buhari’s tweet, the Minister of Information and Culture, Lai Mohammed
announced the suspension of Twitter in Nigeria.
The government also threatened to arrest and prosecute
anyone using Twitter in the country, while the National Broadcasting Commission
(NBC) asked all broadcast stations to suspend the patronage of Twitter.
But in the judgment delivered today, the ECOWAS court
declared that it has the jurisdiction to hear the case, and that the case was
therefore admissible.
The Court also held that the act of suspending the operation
of Twitter is unlawful and inconsistent with the provisions of Article 9 of the
African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights and Article 19 of the
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights both of which Nigeria is a
state party.
According to the Court, “The Buhari administration in
suspending the operations of Twitter violates the rights of SERAP and 176
concerned Nigerians to the enjoyment of freedom of expression, access to
information and the media, as well as the right to fair hearing.”
The Court also ordered the Buhari administration to take
necessary steps to align its policies and other measures to give effect to the
rights and freedoms, and to guarantee a non-repetition of the unlawful ban of
Twitter.
The Court also ordered the Buhari administration to bear the
costs of the proceedings and directed the Deputy Chief Registrar to assess the
costs accordingly.
Reacting to the judgment, Femi Falana, SERAP’s lawyer in the
suit said, “We commend the ECOWAS Court for the landmark judgment in the case
of SERAP v Federal Republic of Nigeria in which the Judges unanimously upheld
the human rights of community citizens to freedom of expression, and access to
information. Even though the Court had granted an interim order of injunction
last year which restrained the Attorney-General of the Federation and Minister
of Justice, Mr. Abubakar Malami SAN from prosecuting Nigerians who defied the
Twitter ban, SERAP deserves special commendation for pursuing the matter to a
logical conclusion.
“Freedom of expression is a fundamental human right and the
full enjoyment of this right is central to achieving individual freedom and to
developing democracy. It is not only the cornerstone of democracy, but
indispensable to a thriving civil society.
“With the latest decision of the Court to declare the
suspension of Twitter in Nigeria illegal it is hoped that the Heads of State
and Governments of the member states of the Economic Community of West African
States will henceforth respect and uphold the human right of community to
freedom of expression guaranteed by Article 9 of the African Charter on Human
and Peoples Rights.
It would be recalled that SERAP 176 concerned Nigerians had
in suit No ECW/CCJ/APP/23/21 filed before the ECOWAS Community Court of Justice
in Abuja, sought: “An order of interim injunction restraining the Federal
Government from implementing its suspension of Twitter in Nigeria, and
subjecting anyone including media houses, broadcast stations using Twitter in Nigeria,
to harassment, intimidation, arrest and criminal prosecution, pending the
hearing and determination of the substantive suit.”
The suit, read in part: “if this application is not urgently
granted, the Federal Government will continue to arbitrarily suspend Twitter
and threaten to impose criminal and other sanctions on Nigerians,
telecommunication companies, media houses, broadcast stations and other people
using Twitter in Nigeria, the perpetual order sought in this suit might be
rendered nugatory.
“The suspension of Twitter is aimed at intimidating and
stopping Nigerians from using Twitter and other social media platforms to
assess government policies, expose corruption, and criticize acts of official
impunity by the agents of the Federal Government.
“The free communication of information and ideas about
public and political issues between citizens and elected representatives is essential.
This implies a free press and other media able to comment on public issues
without censor or restraints, and to inform public opinion. The public also has
a corresponding right to receive media output.
“The arbitrary action by the Federal Government and its
agents have negatively impacted millions of Nigerians who carry on their daily
businesses and operational activities on Twitter. The suspension has also
impeded the freedom of expression of millions of Nigerians, who criticize and
influence government policies through the microblogging app.
“The suspension of Twitter is arbitrary, and there is no law
in Nigeria today permitting the prosecution of people simply for peacefully
exercising their human rights through Twitter and other social media platforms.
“The suspension and threat of prosecution by the Federal
Government constitute a fundamental breach of the country’s international human
rights obligations including under Article 9 of the African Charter on Human
and Peoples’ Rights and Article 19 of International Covenant on Civil and
Political Rights to which Nigeria is a state party.
“The suspension has seriously undermined the ability of
Nigerians and other people in the country to freely express themselves in a
democracy, and undermined the ability of journalists, media houses, broadcast
stations, and other people to freely carry out their professional duties.
“A lot of Nigerians at home and abroad rely on Twitter
coverage of topical issues of public interest to access impartial, objective
and critical information about ideas and views on how the Nigerian government
is performing its constitutional and international human rights obligations.
“The implication of the decline in freedom of expression in
Nigeria is that the country is today ranked alongside countries hostile to
human rights and media freedom such as Afghanistan, Chad, the Philippines,
Saudi Arabia, Zimbabwe and Colombia.”
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