In the 2025 budget, the health sector got N2.48 trillion, which is about 5.18% of the total budget. This amount is less than what defense received at N4.91 trillion, infrastructure at N4.06 trillion, and education, which got N3.5 trillion.
While all these areas are important, many experts believe that health is the foundation for sustainable growth.
Health influences every part of development, including education, economic productivity, and national security. If the population isn't healthy, investments in other sectors might not hit their targets.
Plus, education and health are closely connected; poor health can really hinder access to quality education, especially for those who are already vulnerable.
“Children who are malnourished or suffer from illnesses like malaria miss critical school days, leading to poor learning outcomes.
“To improve education, we must first address health challenges, particularly at the community level,” says Dr Francis Adedayo, a public health expert.
Nigeria faces a significant education crisis, holding the record for the highest number of out-of-school children in the world.
This situation is exacerbated by health issues, malnutrition, and preventable diseases. UNICEF highlights that strategic health investments, including immunization, school feeding initiatives, and improved sanitation facilities, can play a crucial role in ensuring children remain in school.
Furthermore, health is closely linked to national security, as outbreaks of disease can destabilize communities, disrupt economic activities, and reveal security weaknesses.
“A weak healthcare system fuels unrest and deepens inequality, which can escalate into conflicts.
“Preventing disease is cheaper than managing an outbreak. strengthening surveillance systems and primary healthcare will save lives and protect national stability,” explains Dr Solomon Chollom, a virologist.
The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the significant pressure that health emergencies can exert on security frameworks.
Furthermore, the preparedness of military forces is closely linked to the strength of healthcare systems, which are essential for maintaining the physical and mental well-being of personnel.
Although investments in infrastructure are crucial for economic development, health infrastructure should receive equal consideration.
Dr. Lola Odinga, a health economist, emphasizes that while roads and bridges are important, establishing effective healthcare facilities in rural regions and providing access to clean water will have a more immediate effect on individuals' lives and their productivity.
“Poor road networks delay emergency medical care, contributing to high maternal mortality rates.
“Inadequate water and sanitation systems expose communities to waterborne diseases like cholera. Addressing these gaps is essential for improving health outcomes,” she posits.
Any nation’s economic strength depends on the health of its workforce, according to Dr Mairo Suleiman, an economist and health advocate.
“Preventable diseases lower productivity and push households into poverty.
“The World Health Organisation estimates that every dollar invested in health generates four dollars in economic returns. Health is not just a social service; it is a smart economic investment,” Suleiman said.
Suleiman said that countries such as Rwanda have achieved economic gains by prioritising healthcare investments.
“Nigeria can replicate this success by increasing budgetary allocations, especially for primary healthcare,” Suleiman said.
Globally, countries that prioritise health experience better outcomes across all sectors.
Dr Obinna Paul, a public health expert, explains that “health is the cornerstone of sustainable development. Countries like Ethiopia have significantly reduced maternal and child mortality by focusing on primary healthcare. Nigeria must follow suit”.
Paul emphasized the importance of bolstering primary healthcare as the initial line of defense and advocated for increased financial allocations for health, especially in rural regions.
He also stressed the need for transparency and accountability in programs funded by donors. Despite existing challenges, there are significant opportunities to enhance Nigeria’s health system.
Dr. Aminu Magashi, Coordinator of the African Health Budget Network (AHBN), noted that over N2 trillion in confirmed donor support for 2025 could significantly improve healthcare delivery if managed transparently.
Additionally, Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) have the potential to address infrastructure deficiencies, while the effective use of the Basic Health Care Provision Fund (BHCPF) can enhance access to care at the grassroots level.
The discussion surrounding budget priorities must recognize the essential role of health, as experts concur that health is a critical enabler of education, security, and economic development.
“A healthy population is the greatest asset a country can have. Without health, other sectors cannot thrive. Nigeria must make health a top priority,” argues Suleiman.
As 2025 approaches, it is crucial for the government to recognize health investments as essential for national progress. By placing health at the forefront, Nigeria can foster a resilient, productive, and prosperous future for its citizens.